structure of military government in nigeria

The coup plotters attacked Ibadan, Lagos and Kaduna within a period of 2 days. Nigeria's Military Is Part of the Problem. The roles of a country's armed forces are entrenched in her constitution. 1850s - British establish presence around Lagos. Unlike the Senate, the seats at the House of Representatives are not equally shared between the states. These divisions are referred to as the 3 tiers of government and the Nigerian government is divided into three levels which include: Now, lets quickly talk about these three tiers of government in Nigeria. )exports of goods and services: 11.9% (2017 est. Mismanagement and wastage of public funds. The Nigerian government structure is styled into a federal system of government. [16][17][18][19], The origin of the Nigerian Armed Forces lies in the elements of the Royal West African Frontier Force, that became Nigerian, when independence was granted in 1960. The first ever coup was quite bloody and 11 senior Nigerian politicians and 2 soldiers were murders. One of the survivors of the coup, Olusegun Obasanjo, succeeded Muritala Mohammed and he promptly set up civilian government and the state of affairs was maintained until 1983. The Chief Judge of each state is appointed by the governor of that state on the advice of the National Judicial Council and the State House of Assembly. In the Northern region for instance, the local government was known by the name " native authorities", with the emirs having enormous influence and authority in his locality. ), revenues: $12.92 billion (2017 est. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 16.95% (2021 est. The Nigerian government structure is styled into a federal system of government. It is divided into: Arms of Government In Nigeria and Their Functions. The Air Force did not get a combat capability until a number of MiG-17 aircraft were presented by the Soviet Union in 1966. But the manner with which Aguiyi Ironsi took over meant that his stay in power wouldnt last for long. )8.53% (2019 est. by . funfetti pancake mix cookies structure of military government in nigeria. ), total petroleum production: 1,646,900 bbl/day (2021 est. ), -$1.849 billion (2021 est. A law should be made to depoliticize the military and be completely separated from politics. Increase in the rate of crime in the country. )from petroleum and other liquids: 67.406 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. The judiciary branch comprises of the Supreme Court of Nigeria which presides over the Federal Courts (the court of appeal, the sharia court of appeal of FCT, the federal high court, the customary court of appeal and the high court of the FCT), State Courts (the high court, the sharia court of appeal, and the customary court of appeal), and Election Tribunals. Nigeria needs to harness the potential of its burgeoning youth population in order to boost economic development, reduce widespread poverty, and channel large numbers of unemployed youth into productive activities and away from ongoing religious and ethnic violence. )-$15.986 billion (2020 est. It is ranked last in the world on the UN Development Programme's Human Development Index. The President of Nigeria functions as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, exercising his constitutional authority through the Ministry of Defence, which is responsible for the management of the military and its personnel. Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. The coup plotters went on to elect Lt Colonel Yakubu Gowon as the new head of State. Failure to conduct an acceptable population census. )beer: 0.73 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. The Armed Forces Ruling Council: This consist of the Head of State and the Commander In- Chief of the Armed Forces of Nigeria, the Service Chiefs, Inspector General of Police, the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of the Federation and the Secretary to the military Government. Creation of employment opportunities, and friendly environment for businesses to grow. This led to June 12 elections in 1993 but the result of this election was cancelled. Like the United States, Brazil, and India, Nigeria is structured as a federation, a structure it inherited from its British colonial rulers. The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria The Head of State/President The Supreme Military Council (SMC); the Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) The National Council States The Council of Ministers The Judiciary The Civil Service D. Achievements of the Military Rule in Nigeria Infrastructural developments e.g. The top 5 citizens of Nigeria are: Ever wondered how governments raise and spend money? The NDC is chaired by the president, and its members include the Vice President of Nigeria, the Minister of Defence, the Chief of Defence Staff, the Chief of Army Staff, the Chief of Naval Staff and the Chief of Air Staff, as well as others the president is empowered to appoint. )nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The Nigerian Navy is currently headed by Vice Admiral Awwal Zubairu Gambo.[27]. Prior to this coup, many of the high ranking officials in the military felt that the first coup had been carried out to favour the Igbo people. Discuss the reasons why the military involve in politics. )services: 56.4% (2017 est. Register or login to make commenting easier. Be the first to know about new content and opportunities, Reasons for Military Intervention In Nigeria, The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria, The Weakness or Failure of Military Regime in Nigeria, The Military is hierarchical and centralised, It monopolises the instruments of violence, There is fusion of the executive and legislative arms of the Government, Involvement of civilians in the administration, Discipline and obedience to higher commands, Disputes over 1962 and 1963 census results, Allegation of corruption, nepotism etc among politicians, Low level of honest and reliable leadership, The Supreme Military Council (SMC); the Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC), Infrastructural developments e.g. Gowon was succeeded by Muritala Mohammed but his administration was also shortlived and in February 1976, General Muritala Mohammed was assassinated by Buka Suka Dimka in a violent coup attempt. Also Read: Cost of Nigerian International passport. Local government must enjoy substantial autonomy to NigerianFinder.com is aimed at helping Nigerians get relevant and valuable information they need from the web on any topic - about Nigeria, Nigerians, or events other things related to Nigeria. salary structure and wages, Government in all level must fight corrupt leaders, Immunity clause should be removed in the constitution of the federal )other alcohols: 3.27 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. This coup was also masterminded by Muritala Muhammed and he thereafter assumed power. Local government must have specific powers to perform a range of functions assigned it by law. )transmission/distribution losses: 4.713 billion kWh (2019 est. In 1914, the British amalgamated their separately administered northern and southern territories into modern-day Nigeria. Military regimes are by their nature autocratic; they are insensitive to the opinions or the demands of the people. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Passnownow.com digitally democratizes access to education content for Nigerian Students and Teachers. Every state produces 3 senators, which are elected, from their 3 senatorial districts. However, these plotters were eventually subdued. Subsequently, 69 soldiers of different ranks were accused of treason and were subsequently executed by firing squad. )306.921 (2019 est. Protection of lives and properties of its citizens. Nigeria is a federal presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President is both head of state and head of government, and of a multiparty system. The NCNC, now headed by Azikiwe (who had taken control after Macaulay's death in 1946), formed a coalition with Balewa's NPC after neither party won a majority in the 1959 elections. 100)FAX: [1] (202) 362-6541email address and website: [email protected]://www.nigeriaembassyusa.org/consulate(s) general: Atlanta, New York, chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Beth LEONARD (since24 December 2019)embassy: Plot 1075 Diplomatic Drive, Central District Area, Abujamailing address: 8320 Abuja Place, Washington DC 20521-8320telephone: [234] (9) 461-4000FAX: [234] (9) 461-4036email address and website: [email protected]://ng.usembassy.gov/consulate(s) general: Lagos, three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green; the color green represents the forests and abundant natural wealth of the country, white stands for peace and unity, name: "Arise Oh Compatriots, Nigeria's Call Obey"lyrics/music: John A. ILECHUKWU, Eme Etim AKPAN, B.A. Nigeria operates a bicameral legislature at the federal level, and a unicameral legislature at the state level. ), improved: urban: 81.6% of populationrural: 41.4% of populationtotal: 62.3% of populationunimproved: urban: 18.4% of populationrural: 58.6% of populationtotal: 37.7% of population (2020 est. NA, serious overpopulation and rapid urbanization have led to numerous environmental problems; urban air and water pollution; rapid deforestation; soil degradation; loss of arable land; oil pollution - water, air, and soil have suffered serious damage from oil spills, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlandssigned, but not ratified: Tropical Timber 2006, particulate matter emissions: 48.73 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. 3. (a) defending Nigeria from external aggression. In summary, we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. It has two chambers: the upper chamber, and the lower chamber. The president appoints his ministers; and these ministers make up his cabinet. )0.6% of GDP (2020 est. )arable land: 37.3% (2018 est. )2.21% (2019 est. The future of Nigerian politics lies in tolerating civilian governance. Age structure 0-14 years: 40.69% (male 47,978,838/female 45,940,446) 15-64 years: 55.95% (male 64,923,147/female 64,241,948) 65 years and over: 3.36% (2023 est.) The Chief Justice is appointed by the president, and cannot be removed from office except by death, retirement (at age 70), or by impeachment by the Senate. in or register, However, Government class teachers should teach this topic within 1 week depending on your school timetable or schedule. The unicameral legislature is peculiar to each of the 36 states in Nigeria. The state governments receive more than half their money from federal government and also collects taxes. The Commission was concerned with all the public services of Nigeria including the local government. The National Defence Council has been in existence since 1979 and advises the President on matters relating to the armed forces. ), production: 46,296,835,000 cubic meters (2019 est. It is presided over by the speaker of the house. Like, comment, and share, Wow, very detailed, very good work. Pry School Lesson notes will soon be ready. [12][13] Compounding this state of affairs is the role corruption plays in the ongoing attempts to strengthen the armed forces. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The local governmentin Nigeria is the third and the last level of government in Nigerian government structure. Even when there are less than 36 ministries, a minister is assisted by one or more minister of state (all in a bid to ensure the 36 states representation). There were several failed coups. [11], Today, the NAF faces a number of domestic challenges which continue to undermine stability within Nigeria and the region as a whole. It can be prevented if elected officials are responsive to the yearnings of the people. Student Guides Soldiers don't belong on the streetsand the army is uniquely placed to pressure the government for police reforms to tackle. [14][15], In spite of these challenges to its operational readiness, the Nigerian Armed Forces have committed to a number of wide-ranging modernization programs to bolster the discipline and firepower of its troops. National Mass Media Commission; 5. ), number of registered air carriers: 13 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 104annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 8,169,192 (2018)annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 19.42 million (2018) mt-km, total: 40over 3,047 m: 102,438 to 3,047 m: 121,524 to 2,437 m: 9914 to 1,523 m: 6under 914 m: 3 (2021), total: 141,524 to 2,437 m: 2914 to 1,523 m: 9under 914 m: 3 (2021), 124 km condensate, 4,045 km gas, 164 km liquid petroleum gas, 4,441 km oil, 3,940 km refined products (2013), total: 3,798 km (2014)standard gauge: 293 km (2014) 1.435-m gaugenarrow gauge: 3,505 km (2014) 1.067-m gaugenote: as of the end of 2018, there were only six operational locomotives in Nigeria primarily used for passenger service; the majority of the rail lines are in a severe state of disrepair and need to be replaced, total: 195,000 km (2017)paved: 60,000 km (2017)unpaved: 135,000 km (2017), 8,600 km (2011) (Niger and Benue Rivers and smaller rivers and creeks), total: 791by type: general cargo 14, oil tanker 110, other 667 (2021), major seaport(s): Bonny Inshore Terminal, Calabar, Lagosoil terminal(s): Bonny Terminal, Brass Terminal, Escravos Terminal, Forcados Terminal, Pennington Terminal, Qua Iboe TerminalLNG terminal(s) (export): Bonny Island, Nigerian Armed Forces: Army, Navy (includes Coast Guard), Air Force; Ministry of Interior: Nigeria Security and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC) (2022)note 1: the NSCDC a paramilitary agency commissioned to assist the military in the management of threats to internal security, including attacks and natural disastersnote 2: some states have created local security forces in response to increased violence, insecurity, and criminality that have exceeded the response capacity of government security forces, 0.7% of GDP (2021 est. The Nigerian army is headed currently by Major General Farouk Yahaya, who was appointed by President Muhammadu Buhari. )9.71% (2020 est. )$1.032 trillion (2019 est. This coup was led by Major General Gideon Orkah but it failed again. ), total: 3.7% (2020 est. The operational head of the AFN is the Chief of the Defence Staff, who is subordinate to the Nigerian Defence Minister. There are roadblocks to a strong democracy in Nigeria at all levels of government. The federal government is the top notch level of government in the Nigerian government structure. In ancient and pre-colonial times, the area of present-day Nigeria was occupied by a great diversity of ethnic groups with different languages and traditions. Corruption has historically weakened the Nigerian military's capacity to face internal security threats, and is cited as being responsible for the continued longevity of rebels and terrorists operating throughout the nation. Nigeria is divided administratively into the Federal Capital Territory (Abuja) and 36 states, which are organized into the following six geo-political zones: South-West ZoneLagos, Ekiti, Ogun, Ondo, Oshun, and Oyo; South-South ZoneAkwa, Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Ibom, and Rivers; South-East ZoneAbia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu, and Imo; [32], In December 1983, the new Major General Muhammadu Buhari regime announced that Nigeria could no longer afford an activist anti-colonial role in Africa. It operates as a federal republic, with governmental powers divided between executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Lesson notes )investment in fixed capital: 14.8% (2017 est. But why? ), electrification - total population: 62% (2019)electrification - urban areas: 91% (2019)electrification - rural areas: 30% (2019), installed generating capacity: 11.691 million kW (2020 est. Obasanjo, quoted in Herbert M. Howe, Ambiguous Order: Military Forces in African States, Lynne Rienner, Boulder/London, 2001, p.54. On this date, March 4 in 1999, military government freed the remaining people imprisoned two years ago for . (d) perform such other functions as may be prescribed by an act of the National Assembly. )tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. This system features the 3 tiers of government (also known as levels of government), the arms of government (or branches of government), with leadership structure identifying the top 4 citizens. ), 15.946 million Lagos, 4.348 million Kano, 3.875 million Ibadan, 3.840 million ABUJA (capital), 3.480 million Port Harcourt, 1.905 million Benin City (2023), at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/femaletotal population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2023 est. )government consumption: 5.8% (2017 est. Provision and maintenance of public conveniences, and refuse disposal. N.J. Miners, The Nigerian Army 195666, Methuen and Co. Ltd, London, 1971. STRUCTURE OF MILITARY RULE The Armed Forces Ruling Council: This consist of the Head of State and the Commander In- Chief of the Armed Forces of Nigeria, the Service Chiefs, Inspector General of Police, the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of the Federation and the Secretary to the military Government. "[22], Training establishments in Nigeria include the prestigious officer entry: Nigerian Defence Academy at Kaduna, the Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji, and the National War College at Abuja. )-$13.685 billion (2019 est. Abuja has not successfully implemented family planning programs to reduce and space births because of a lack of political will, government financing, and the availability and affordability of services and products, as well as a cultural preference for large families. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 231,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 3.65% (2021 est. The upper chamber, which is known as the Senate, consists of 109 members who are called senators. It is too military in structure. Abdullahi Abacha, the 36-year-old son of the late Nigerian military dictator, Sani Abacha, is . ), urban population: 54.3% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 3.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. National and state elections in 2011 and 2015 were generally regarded as credible. B. structure of military government in nigeria. formal Government Structure for Real Governance Impact in Nigeria By Samson R. Akinola, PhD1 and Ayo Adesopo, PhD2 . (male 3,635,334/female 4,123,030), total dependency ratio: 86youth dependency ratio: 80.6elderly dependency ratio: 5.5potential support ratio: 18 (2021 est. )exports: 12,000 metric tons (2020 est. )crude oil estimated reserves: 36.89 billion barrels (2021 est. )permanent crops: 7.4% (2018 est. Local government must be administered by democratically elected officials. The minister of state is not a different minister on his own but instead an assistant to the minister he is attached to. Section 217-220 of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria thus addresses the Nigerian Armed Forces: The Nigerian Army (NA) is the land branch of the Nigerian Armed Forces and the largest among the armed forces. )consumption: 24,611,480,000 kWh (2019 est. Local government must be a legal entity distinct from the state and federal government. )$4,900 (2020 est. Federal Executive Council; 2. Scholarships Its decrees could not be challenged in any law court. The local government reforms of that year made some fundamental changes in the structure, The largely agrarian and subsistence-based economy is frequently disrupted by extended droughts common to the Sahel . )note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49, 917 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. The general elections of 2007 marked the first civilian-to-civilian transfer of power in the country's history. The structure of government under Gowon was basically unitarian. By 2021, the number of the Air Force personnel had increased to 18,000. \(\overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \). The federal executive arm, legislative arm and also the judiciary are the components in the Nigerian government structure that collectively work together to help achieve a flawless federal system. 4. ), definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 62%male: 71.3%female: 52.7% (2018), total: 19.6%male: 19.8% NAfemale: 19.4% (2021 est.) [22] The army itself is governed by the Nigerian Army Council (NAC). ), total: 18.6 yearsmale: 18.4 yearsfemale: 18.9 years (2020 est. ), 20.4 years (2018 est. The policies that govern the country cutting across the states to the lowest level of government are formed at the federal level. President Olusegun Obasanjo in August 2003, committed the Nigerian troops once again into Liberia, at the appeal of the United States, to provide an interim presence until the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) arrived. Obasanjo has also been accused of misuse of his personal position for profit. Im just going to give a quick list here. 0-14 years: 40.69% (male 47,978,838/female 45,940,446)15-64 years: 55.95% (male 64,923,147/female 64,241,948)65 years and over: 3.36% (2023 est.) [8] In the years following the civil war, the Nigerian Armed Forces were halved in size from its post-war height to approximately 125,000 men. note: data are in current year dollars$39.937 billion (2020 est.) notable engagements including its 2017 involvement as part of the ECOWAS military intervention in the Gambia. The legislature at the federal level is called the National Assembly of Nigeria. Every governor has a deputy governor to help in overseeing the affairs of the state. The Nigerian Armed Forces (NAF) are the combined military forces of Nigeria. [38] Nigeria has contributed more than 20,000 troops/police to various UN missions since 1960. One feature that has stayed with the Nigerian government structure is its separation of power. It serves as check and balance on the executive and legislative branch of the Nigerian government structure. This led to a counter coup six months later which resulted in the death of Aguiyi Ironsi and Adekunle Fajuyi who was hosting the Military Head at his residence in Ibadan. Presidential and legislative elections were held in early 2019 and deemed broadly free and fair despite voting irregularities, intimidation, and violence. However, the coup led to greater problems for the country. Also Read: Updated list of 20 local governments in Lagos state and their wards. The Nigerian government structure is made up of its 3 levels, and 3 arms of government, and leadership structure. Since then, in its top-level positions, the country has been ruled by military or police officers, with one solitary civilian governor in the Ibo East Central State. Lets talk about each of these arms as they make the pieces of the Nigerian government structure a complete one. The speaker of the house is assisted by the deputy speaker of the house. President Muhammadu Buhari's over-due reforms aren't yet enough to turn an under-resourced, over-stretched and corrupt army back into a professional force. ), improved: urban: 95.3% of populationrural: 68.8% of populationtotal: 82.6% of populationunimproved: urban: 4.7% of populationrural: 31.2% of populationtotal: 17.4% of population (2020 est. ), total: 65,313 (2020 est. Might Interest You: History of Military Rule in Nigeria Causes and Impacts. Reasons for Military Intervention in Nigeria, C. The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria, D. Achievements of the Military Rule in Nigeria, E. The Weakness or Failures of the Military Regime in Nigeria, I love this.I gain knowledge everday and New things. A new constitution established a federal system with an elected prime minister and a ceremonial head of state. Guest post These trends in the development of the armed forces as a fighting force, as well as efforts to combat corruption within the ranks of military personnel and government bureaucracy, have been critically important in the ability of Nigeria to confront challenges to its national security and stability in the wider region of West Africa as a whole. Obasanjo had successfully handed over to Alhaji Shehu Shagari in 1979 but he was overthrown in the 31 st December 1983 by the General Muhammad Buhari. [25] The Nigerian Army has been playing a major role in defence of Nigerian Democracy since the first republic till date. So,what system of government is Nigeria practicing now? Increased educational attainment, especially among women, and improvements in health care are needed to encourage and to better enable parents to opt for smaller families. )consumption: 18,787,602,000 cubic meters (2019 est. Nigerias population is projected to grow from more than 186 million people in 2016 to 392 million in 2050, becoming the worlds fourth most populous country. Military intervention could be prevented with the eradication or reduction in the level of corruption in Nigeria by politicians. )imports of goods and services: -13.2% (2017 est. Likewise, Nigeria has been engaged in a long-running anti-piracy campaign in the Niger Delta, which has threatened the vital petroleum industry in the country, which is the source of 90% of Nigeria's exports and 35% of the government's revenue. Before January 1966, the various regions in Nigeria had different system of governments, at the grassroot level.

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