hydroquinone solubility in glycerin

D-170D Solubility of EASTMAN Hydroquinone and Derivatives Subject: Hydroquinone and hydroquinone derivatives listed in this publication are used as intermediates for manufacturing a variety of products and as polymerization inhibitors for vinyl monomers and unsaturated polyester resins. Eastman Hydroquinone, USP, meets or exceeds the requirements of the United States Pharmacopoeia and is produced under conditions of current good manufacturing practices (cGMP). AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR, Kind code of ref document: 115, 22772285 (2014), Article Cite this article. 0000002544 00000 n 230, 176183 (2005), A. Apelblat, E. Manzurola, N. A. Balal, J. Chem. and our The toxicology of hydroquinone - relevance to occupational and environmental exposure. The Boiling Point of hydroquinone is 287C Also, the Melting Point of hydroquinone is 172C. The protective system can be an entrapment system, a single or multi- laminar system, such as by the formation of vesicles such as a liposome or by utilizing wax, paraffin, silicone, polyethylene, or any material or system which protects the retinoid from oxidation. 20grams ofhydroquinonein 20oz is liquid is 10%. 420, 2429 (2016), W. E. Acree Jr, Thermochim Acta 189, 3756 (1991), F. L. Nordstrm, . C. Rasmuson, J. Chem. Then add it to the ingredients. 552591, Z. Esina, M. Korchuganova, Theor. [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC([O-])=C(OP([O-])([O-])=O)C1=O, N1=CC(C(=O)OCC)=CC=C1C#CC1=CC=C(SCCC2(C)C)C2=C1, C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C3=CC=C(C(=C3)C34CC5CC(CC(C5)C3)C4)OC)=CC=C21, CC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C, disodium;2-[2-[carboxylatomethyl(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate, [Na+]. 88, 161164 (2010), J. Delgado, Int. 0000053439 00000 n Determination and Correlation of Solubilities of Benzoic Acid, Salicylic Acid, Resorcinol and Hydroquinone in Water and in 1-Octanol at Temperatures from 297.25K to 334.45K. Please sign in to view account pricing and product availability. 2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0- @8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9 vitamin C; Salts thereof, Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00-A61K41/00, Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. The present invention combats this problem, with hydroquinone compositions in the neutral pH range, preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. uuid:3780f5dc-b322-4e29-9b1d-4c4d10b1e282 One of these, 4-butylresorcinol, has been proven to be more effective at treating melanin-related skin disorders by a wide margin, as well as safe enough to be made available over the counter. Airborne hydroquinone may be oxidized to quinone at ordinary . It is a reducmg agent that is reversibly oxidized to semiquinone and quinone. [17], An important reaction is the conversion of hydroquinone to the mono- and diamine derivatives. Canon This composition is color stabilized and cosmetically elegant. The aquatic toxicity of hydroquinone to fresh water fish, Daphnia, and algae was between 0.050- . Chem. The protective system can be an entrapment system, a single or multi-laminar system, such as by formation of vesicle, such as a liposome, or by utilizing wax, paraffin, silicone, polyethylene or any material or system which protects the retinoid from oxidation. Phillip M. Hudnall "Hydroquinone" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. The information given is designed only as a guide for safe handling and use. Have an order or account question, find answers in our Online Support articles. Compositions according to this invention may include additives or components to enhance the skin penetration of its ingredients. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. The experimental solubility data was well-correlated with the data, calculated by . Data 51, 127129 (2006), J. Lim, S. Jang, H. K. Cho, M. S. Shin, H. Kim, J. Chem. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic, hydroximic acids, Carboxylic acids, e.g. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Eng. A3, Free format text: Hydroquinone can lose a hydrogen cation from both hydroxyl groups to form a diphenolate ion. Exceptional antioxidant qualities are seen at 0.10% (all percentages in the application are weight percent) and above, preferably from about 0.05% to about 0.5% for sodium metabisulfite. Hydroquinone occurs as fine, white needles. This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Acros Organics product portfolio. Hydroquinone (C6H4(OH)2), also known as benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound, with a variety of uses in chemistry. For use herein, the encapsulation forms a protective system to prohibit or inhibit the oxidation of the retinoid. Tests, which results are detailed in the following two tables, are performed at 5C and 40C for certain percentages of magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at specific pHs. The present invention addresses the problem of excessive discoloration in hydroquinone compositions of a neutral pH. 0000004433 00000 n 2017-02-16T09:38:58+01:00 Thermodyn. 20, 14331442 (1986), G. Wienke, J. Gmehling, Toxicol. . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-020-02750-4, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-020-02750-4. The experimental solubilities were correlated using two regression equations. Other antioxidants, for example cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, and sodium ascorbyl phosphate, have not been utilized in combination with hydroquinone in view of the acidic pH, generally from about 3.4 to about 3.5, and the recommended pH range for magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is about 7.0 to 8.5. 132, 165172 (2018), X. Li, Q. Yin, W. Chen, J. Wang, J. Chem. The solubilities in binary and ternary systems of hydroquinone (1,4-dihydroxybenzene) and p-quinone (1,4-benzoquinone) in supercritical carbon dioxide were measured in the pressure range 10.0 to 35.0 MPa at temperatures of 333, 348 and 363 K.In binary systems, the solubility of hydroquinone was three orders of magnitude lower than that of p-quinone. I can't use water because I cannot dissolve enough Hydroquinone into it to reach the desired concentration. Classical photo shops also sell hydroquinone. This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions. A2, Designated state(s): Retinoid compositions, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin) are known to be effective in improving rough skin texture, mottled pigmentation, sallow complexion, lines and wrinkles. The solubility in water is 6.72g/L. This invention relates to methods and compositions for the treatment of pigmentation disorders, including hyperpigmentation and vitiligo. For more information, please see our Such carriers are widely known in the art and deliver the composition's ingredients to the skin without excessive degradation, inactivation or other unwanted interaction. Keywords: D-170D; D-170; D170D; D170 Created Date Res. ADS and solubility in water. 12.4. Hydroquinone is combustible when preheated. We apologize! 109. Van Haelst, P. Heesen, F. Van Der Wielen, H. Govers, Chemosphere 29, 16511660 (1994), Article . The preferred protected retinoid is in the form of small beads or vesicles which are of a form that can be adjusted to be incorporated into varied topical compositions. Hydroquinone is extensively used as a photographic developer, an antioxidant, and a stabilizing agent for readily oxidizable polymers. All Rights Reserved, View All Eastman Hydroquinone USP Articles. [23] This conclusion was reached based on the extent of absorption in humans and the incidence of neoplasms in rats in several studies where adult rats were found to have increased rates of tumours, including thyroid follicular cell hyperplasias, anisokaryosis (variation in nuclei sizes), mononuclear cell leukemia, hepatocellular adenomas and renal tubule cell adenomas. This range of pH has been preferred for hydroquinone compositions, because it has been believed that the hydroquinone is less likely to excessively discolor under acid conditions. 0000085850 00000 n It exerts a depigmenting effect on skin of mammals by increasing the excretion of melanin from the melanocytes. Get medical attention. It is a major component in most black and white photographic developers for film and paper where, with the compound metol, it reduces silver halides to elemental silver. trailer << /Size 393 /Info 347 0 R /Root 375 0 R /Prev 573815 /ID[<6893db2526a970a0c364cca2e99ca522>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 375 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 346 0 R /Metadata 348 0 R >> endobj 391 0 obj << /S 2217 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 392 0 R >> stream Retinoids are included from about 0.01% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.025% to about 2%, more preferably 0.05% to about 1.0%, and most preferably from about 0.025% to about 0.5%. Retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), are beneficial for improving rough skin texture, mottled pigmentation, sallow complexion, lines and wrinkles. At 40C, 4% hydroquinone compositions are more likely to excessively discolor and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate helps to stabilize the color, by preventing the brownish black discoloration and maintaining an amber color. Eng. Place water in container then bring the temperature to 15c in a boil bath then add products at this point when youre making the lotion u will need to add the other ingredients. 2008-2023 ChemPoint. Data 53, 199200 (2008), N. Sunsandee, S. Suren, N. Leepipatpiboon, M. Hronec, U. Pancharoen, Fluid Phase Equilib. Table II shows that at 5C, 4% hydroquinone compositions maintain their white or light straw color with the addition of at least about 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate at the low pH ranges (from about 3.50 to about 5.50) and when about 1.0 to about 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is used in the pH range of about 7.0. 57, 295300 (2013), R. F. Pires, M. R. Franco Jr, Fluid Phase Equilib. Consistent with a condensation reaction, water was determined to be the primary byproduct. Hydroquinone[1] Idrochinone Quinol 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene p-dihydroxybenzene p-hydroxyphenol 1,4-Hydroxy benzene Identifiers CAS Number 123-31-9 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image Beilstein Reference 605970 ChEBI CHEBI:17594 Y ChEMBL ChEMBL537 Y ChemSpider 764 Y DrugBank DB09526 ECHA InfoCard 100.004.199 EC Number 204-617-8 Gmelin Reference 2742 29(3): 283-330, 1999. Read our Privacy Notice. Other solubilities: soluble in alcohol and ether,slightly soluble in benzene,readily soluble in ethanol,acetone and methanol, Needle-like Crystals or Crystalline Powder. We have discovered that a hydroquinone composition (with about 1 to about 12% hydroquinone, preferably with about 2% to about 10%, more preferably with about 2% to about 8%, more preferably with about 2% to about 4%, most preferably with about 3% to about 4% hydroquinone) with preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, can include cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium ascorbyl phosphate, more preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate as an antioxidant and the color destabilization problems are appreciably less as compared to hydroquinone compositions without such a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters in the neutral pH range: preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. 76/768/EEC:1976 Council Directive 76/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products: Organic Chemistry, Solomon and Fryhle, 10th edition, Wiley Publishing, 2010. A method of stabilizing a hydroquinone composition, comprising hydroquinone and one or more protected retinoids, comprising: maintaining pH of the composition at about 5.5 to about 8.0. Get medical attention. Protected retinoid may be added to these compositions for additional skin benefit effects. Hydroquinone is considered to be readily biodegrable and photodegradable. Rev. [27] Several such agents are already available or under research,[28] including azelaic acid,[29] kojic acid, retinoids, cysteamine,[30] topical steroids, glycolic acid, and other substances. vz >I d50dwp?i4,H3. Part of Springer Nature. Chem. Some hydroquinone compositions include antioxidants, such as ascorbyl palmitate. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of cookies. The obtained results show that the . Phase A is added to the tank, which is held at a temperature of from about 70 to about 75 C, and in which a CO. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in With respect to organic solvents, the solubility varies from 57% in ethanol to less than 0.1% in benzene. 4]DYR@'c COMMON BRAND NAME (S): Aclaro, Aclaro PD, Alera, Alphaquin HP, Alustra, Claripel, Complex B . 0000002221 00000 n Retinoids, in particular retinoic acid, retinal, and their derivatives, isomers and analogs (such as adapalene, tazarotene and isotretoin), which are protected have been shown to also be color stable in hydroquinone, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and sodium metabisulfite composition at about a neutral pH, preferably from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably from about 6.0 to about 7.5. HYPERPIGMENTARY STAIN ELIMINATING CREAM FOR FACE SKIN AND ITS USE. The composition is preferably formulated in separate phases as designated below. Hydroquinone undergoes oxidation under mild conditions to give benzoquinone, process which is reversible. In hydroquinone and sodium metabisulfite compositions, it is believed that the sodium metabisulfite oxidizes first and delays the start of any oxidation of the hydroquinone, so that excessive discoloration is delayed or totally avoided. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. Hi, let us know if you have any questions as you visit our website. Data 53, 12781282 (2008), A. Place an order online, track your orders, download SDS and TDS, and see your quotes, all in one secure place. As a polymerisation inhibitor, exploiting its antioxidant properties, hydroquinone prevents polymerization of acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, cyanoacrylate, and other monomers that are susceptible to radical-initiated polymerization. Variations in pH have proven to result in excessive discoloration ranging from brownish to black. [34], It is also one of the chemical compounds found in castoreum. uv curable cellulose estersuv curable cellulose esters . . While patients suffer from pigmentation disorders, they may also suffer from other skin disorders and signs of aging, including but not limited to rough skin texture, mottled pigmentation, sallow complexion, lines and wrinkles. It can also be found on eBay and Amazon. However, these hydroquinone-containing compositions were in the acidic pH range and did not contain cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, such as magnesium ascorbyl phosphate. HYdroquinone can be found in various skin care products. It is highly soluble in water (70 g/litre at 25 C) and the log n-octanol/water partition coefficient is 0.59. The process of making a stable hydroquinone composition having a pH of about 5.5 to about 8.0 comprising: combining the following ingredients, in a carbon dioxide atmosphere: first, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and sodium metabisulfite, then, third, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, then, Application filed by Medicis Pharmaceutical Corp, [H]O[C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O*)[C@@]1([H])OC(=O)C(O*)=C1O*, OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C, 3-aminopropyl [(2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2H-furan-4-yl] hydrogen phosphate, NCCCOP(O)(=O)OC1=C(O)[C@@H]([C@@H](O)CO)OC1=O, OC(=O)C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C, OC(=O)/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C, trisodium;[(5R)-5-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-2-oxido-4-oxofuran-3-yl] phosphate, [Na+].[Na+]. English, J.C. and Deisinger, P.J. 38, 40814091 (1999), J. Qingzhu, M. Peisheng, Y. Shouzhi, W. Qiang, W. Chang, L. Guiju, J. Chem.

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