reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf

This has led to a deep sense of alienation and politics of ethnic identity. %PDF-1.5 On the contrary it has also been suggested that is created more diversity and conflict for the nation to grapple with. In this article, i will comprehensively discuss the reasons for federalism in Nigeria. 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The paper identifies and discusses the problems associated with separatist movements and how they affect national and social security, and argues that while the definition of state failure is contested and therefore Nigeria cannot yet be called a failed state, but certainly a fragile state. Have you ever wondered why Nigeria is practicing a federal system of government and not any other system? International Relations - PRAHAAR | PDF | Joint Comprehensive Plan Of ICT services have help in the improvement of the markets, reduction in transaction costs and increase . On the other hand; a constitution is unitary when there are created by the law made by the central legislature and their existence depends upon the government to control, supervision of the central government. /Filter /FlateDecode %PDF-1.5 However, the practice of fiscal federalism in Nigeria is a negation of true federalism. Is there high propensity or likelihood of exclusion, marginalization and relative deprivation, which was to engender obsessive mutual antagonism? +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Federalism is a type of government in which the sovereign authority of political power is usually divided between two units. June 1,2022 Federalism in Nigeria can be traced to Sir Frederick Lord Lugard, when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated in 1914. 1. << This paper explores the issue of unification federalism in Nigeria, which has been an obstacle to peace, development and threats to security .The findings from an extensive reading of related materials suggest that, the root of contemporary political conflict and underdevelopment in Nigeria political landscape shows clearly in the area of It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. Evidently, Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism. It is on this footing, herewith, that one can properly understand the rational for, and theory of federalism, what and why certain trends theme up federal-state relations in Nigeria, and the features of federal-state relations in Nigeria. /Filter /DCTDecode Other specific reasons for the increasing demand for decentralisation are: Central governments increasingly are finding that it is impossible for them to . This simply means that federalism in Nigeria provides accommodation, an institutional arrangement which gives the component units equal and coordinate jural status. Federalism in Nigeria can be traced to Sir Frederick Lord Lugard , when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated in 1914. "There are reasons why some nation-states opt for federalism. Such an act has constituted to one of the major problems of federalism thereby militating against the development of the nation. In Nigeria, the main reason for the adoption of a federal arrangement was the sociological complexity of the society, its ethnic and geographical diversity. The history of Ijaw, Edo, Igala, Yoruba, Igbo, Nupe and Hausa Kingdoms are enriched with social-political relationships that existed before the emergence of the white man. Biafrans who are geographically in the South and SouthEast of Ni-geria feel and believe that their economic and developmental prowess are not well represented in the Nigerian state, and this lack of representation leads to marginalization. The United States, Canada, India, France and Australia adopted federalism because of the desire for security by the various ethnic units. Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. /Height 235 a system of state organization, to bring a workable polity with a just moral order is the reason why states adopt or should adopt federalism. Minority Issues and the Creation of State | Week 10. In Nigerian democracy, there is a federalist system of government. What a nice article, very educative for students in school, Could you please explain fear of minorities, Could you please explain fear of minorities, Economic factors and Diversities in culture. READ ALSO: Reasons for political apathy in Nigeria, Get the hottest stories from the largest news site in Nigeria. Generally speaking, one of the reasons for federalism is common historical or ancestral background. Another important factor that necessitated federalism in Nigeria was the political culture of the country. Stated reasons of the coup were prevailing gangsterism and disorder, corruption and nepotism in the civil government. Also, Read: Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance. 1954 Lagos Constitutional Conference In Nigeria (Decisions) - Kofa Study Mere desire to unite is not enough but there must be the desire to remain separate in respect to other matters. Therefore, the adoption of a federal political framework in Nigeria was a necessity as the system was the only viable option for a multi-ethnic country like Nigeria. |4-Iv In 1939 sir Bernard Bourdillion made a serious constitutional proposal which concluded having regional councils with a central council in Lagos. Federalism in Nigeria. % Each document posted on the site includes a link to the corresponding official PDF file on govinfo.gov. Your email address will not be published. Your email address will not be published. Such arrangement would inter alia breed neglect, frustration and aggression; no thanks to the red-tape inherent in unitarism. This understanding is also in tune with that of Jinadu (1979:15), who insists that Federalism is usually viewed as a form of governmental and institutional structure, deliberately designed by political architects, to cope with the twin but difficult task of maintaining unity while also preserving diversity. It is no news, therefore, that the peoples of Nigeria are diverse in different respects culturally, historically, socially, religiously, educationally, industriously, and even philosophically. Evidently, Nigeria's political culture. The Emergence of Nigeria as a political entity under colonial rule was not an easy affair. . Secondly, are these groups well pleased, or do they at least accept such manipulative placements? Fourthly, there shall be the existence of court to interpret the constitution as it applies to cases and conflicts among the tiers of government. Keywords: Federalism, Nigeria, ethnic groups, federal character principle . The states' territories were formed around ethnic groups with common interest and close ties, culture, and dialects. So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. As a result of this, it has brought about the cry of the minorities clamoring for their own state. The Attorney General sought to know whether the 13% sharing formula of the oil producing states should include revenue from oil producing states should include revenue from oil production activities off shore. /BitsPerComponent 8 As a result, issues relating to marginalization, economic imbalance, social alienation, ethnic suspicion and superior-subordination contestation are recurring malaises in the system. /F5 18 0 R >> 7 Cooperative federalism was dominant from the 1930s through the 1970s. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. Federalism in Nigeria - Wikipedia INTERNAL COLONIALISM IN NIGERIA Some of the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria are the diversity of the nation and the desire for political, cultural and social identity of a people of over 250 ethnic groups, several languages, diversities and a lot of political traditions; the desire for some form of Nigeria is a heterogeneous nation facing challenges within the balance of economic development along ethnic divisions in society. Nigeria's founding fathers desired a federal political framework, believing that federal states have the structural capacity to accommodate diversity. What were the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? Federalism, State creation and National Integration State creation like federal character, quota system, etc. Nigeria: A Federation in Search of Federalism It advocates good governance and a participatory approach to constitutional review as the foundations for strong constitutionalism in Nigeria. Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance, Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria, How To Calculate OAU Aggregate Score for Admission, Best Education Websites and Blogs In Nigeria (2021), Lakzeland Regional High School Board Of Education, Student Loan Planning Educational Webinar With Justin Rice, Is Agricultural Chemicals a Good Career Path? five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. Roxy Horner biography: who is Jack Whitehalls girlfriend? The Complete Material Will Be Sent To Your . local government autonomy.docx - CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Now, because the level of the development of the productive forces was still at a rudimentary stage, the pervasiveness of commodity relations was equally at a low level. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. It should be noted that the Federal Military Government had earlier by fiat taken proceeds from offshore prospecting and drilling activities directly under federal eminent domain. These crises flow from issues such as fiscal federalism, corruption, credible elections, tribal politics, ethno-religious conflicts, and disdain for the rule of law. 7 Reasons for Federalism in Nigeria: Why Nigeria Adopted - Bscholarly For a better explanation of the theory of federalism, I highly recommend that you watch the video below. The contradictions generated by this rigional arrangement threatened Nigeria unity. This prototype edition of the daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov will remain an unofficial informational resource until the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (ACFR) issues a regulation granting it official legal status. PDF Nigerian Federalism: Issues, Challenges and Prospects 2) The Problem of Minorities: In Nigeria, there are majority groups and minority groups. Pillars of democracy: 7 Essential pillars of democracy. Mainly of telling who is who in a given society. (Tanzi, 1996). Manages And Maintains And Secures Nigeria. The fear of marginalization by the minority in a unitary system of government has, to a great extent, influenced the majority state support for federating states. The constitution must be rigid to avoid frequent and unnecessary changes. This embodies ideas of promise, obligation, and undertaking; and consequently, the federal idea draws on collaboration, reciprocity, and mutuality. To make mortgage industry standards more flexible and modernized, the proposed rule would remove the requirement that lenders and mortgagees register with HUD each branch office . Just very few words have evoked much more controversy in the discus of politics than the word, federalism. This is because most of the power (financial and. stream Your email address will not be published. Fear of insecurity and the desire for a Union Meaning of federalism? THE THEME OF IMAGERY AND SYMBOLISM IN THE IPOB SECESSIONIST STRUGGLE, Abdul's Assignment on 711 Dr. Usman Mohammed, A nation divided against itself: Biafra and the conflicting online protest discourses, Ethnicity, Political Exclusion and the Resurgence of Separatism in South-Eastern, Nigeria, Hands Behind their backs: Making a case for a region-centred restructuring framework, THE EFFECT OF CRIMINAL INJUSTICE AGAINST EASTERN NIGERIA AND THE DEMAND FOR SELF-DETERMINATION BY IPOB. This allows the central or federal government to share governmental powers between the central or federal government and the components regions, state, etc. Advantages and Disadvantages of Federalism - Course Hero 74 . Changes in Branch Office Registration Requirements Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. PDF Federalism, Politics and Corruption in Nigeria: Implications for Higher Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. Critically, after that train, every other train went to Nigeria from Nigeria, indicating the enormity of the wall of enmity demarcating Nigeria from the sovereign State of Biafra. Indeed, whatever scholarly connotations they bear, one strongly believes that they all enjoy one clear focus. Seven (7) Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria - Blogger MCC Vol 2 No 1 Article 04.pdf, GJ #2018, 2, Globalization and Federation in Peril: Renewed Agitations for Statehood and the Future of Nigerian State, by A. M. Maigari and U. Dantani, GLOBALIZATION AND FEDERATION IN PERIL: RENEWED AGITATIONS FOR STATEHOOD AND THE FUTURE OF NIGERIAN STATE, RESTRUCTURING NIGERIA: BEYOND POLITICAL RHETORIC AND THE MORAL PANIC, PDF copy of Published paper on Agitation and restructuring.pdf, ESSAYS ON RIGHT TO SELF DETERMINATION AS A PEREMPTORY NORM AND THE LIMITATION IN EXERCISING THAT RIGHT.pdf, Federalism, Military Legacies and the Restructuring Debate in Contemporary Nigeria, Legal Aid Journal of Legal Issues Vol. Also see: Differences between Cross-offers and counter-offers, five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria. Granted is the fact that federalism was launched in Nigeria by expatriate leaders, its continued existence since independence is standing firm on the interest of the indegeneous leaders. - Cooperative or "marble-cake" federalism is de ned as a exible relationship between the national and state government in which both work together on a variety of issues and programs. ! Nigeria has been dubbed as a product of British colonial suturing. We can offhandedly list all of the reasons for the adoption of federal system in Nigeria. This makes it possible for the minorities to be separated from the domination of big ethnic groups. Over the years, it is quite obvious that Nigeria is one of the few countries that adopted federal system of Government in Africa, a system that envisages autonomy for every sect of its authorities (federal, state and local government respectively). 3l:rmO"XDhG%2| /Width 371 It will schock you to know Nigerias adoption of federalism was also in the interest of the leaders. The states were later increased to 30 states. endobj PDF Federalism in Nigeria: Accommodating Diversity and Promoting Stability Federalism shares power between the central and regional governments; thus promoting efficiency in service delivery and governance. This is why there is a clamoring for restructuring and true federalism in Nigeria. 3. No doubt, the Ethnic, Religious and Geographical nature of Nigeria also contributed to the reason why federalism was adopted. 1. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. The regional government had power over matters that are listed under the residual list. /F4 15 0 R Dear Chidera, federalism allows the creation of ethnic-based federating units (States). Unity of the country: 3.3 3. Also, Read: Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria. It came about following the necessity for administrative convenience and managerial expenses. The paper contends that unitary federalism in Nigeria is an imposition and extension of colonial and military entrenched inequalities in the Nigerian state. Full History of Nigerian Federalism. Nigeria therefore falls into the latter because of the wide diversities. In a unitary constitution which opposes federal principles, everything belongs to the central government; the federating unit does not exist, let alone agitating for resource control. This is so because where federal principles apply, the various ethnic groups that cannot or dont form majority to produce large part may have the opportunity of governing themselves within their federating unit controlled by them. Federalism was further adopted because the developed countries from which Nigeria borrowed democracy practice federalism. Moreover, So, without wasting much time, what is a federal system of government? a group of selected academic teachers this book is suitable for adoption as a resource for a case driven approach to teaching "Corporate Governance" courses at an upper undergraduate or graduate level. The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria Charas Madu Tella, Ahmed Wali Doho, Aliyu Bapeto Abstract Federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are. Federalism as a system of government has been approached with variegated definitions such that one might argue that there are much definitions of federalism as there are authors on the subject. 3. s" 7 Topics Revenue Allocation in Nigeria | Week 9. In the words of Richards, regionalism was introduced to strengthen unity in diversity. It was believed that federal system of government would take care of the interest of the minority and human rights that had been the fear of the minority under colonial rule. PDF Federalism and Democracy: Beyond the U.S. Model - UNPA Book excerpt: Defensive Federalism presents an original contribution to the field of federalism and multinational democracies, exploring the concept of defensive federalism as a protection of self- government against the "tyranny of the majority". 4 Topics . CLICK HERE To Pay With Debit Card ($15) GHANA - Make Payment of 80 GHS to MTN MoMo, 0553978005, Douglas Osabutey. Unfortunately, to suit their interests and political agenda, the federal and state governments over time immemorial have maintained great level of . @VF:8=|@5&/1df gbjtCoy(L5A,JCI1/'5DT8`A!UY*&wTN5[v;KXvH* 5:>}W^Bp_ ;R!&L %s\q'(], Nigeria, a previously unitary state, became a federation in 1954. 2. Emphasis on indigeneity, the federal revenue allocation formula and the increasing formalization of the 'federal character' principle, to mention only a few issues, increase sources of tensions and potential conflicts. Here, both the majority and minority are represented in the government. We appreciate you. Ethnic Minorities and Federalism in Nigeria - JSTOR (PDF) Politics Of Federalism in Nigeria: Preparing Human Capital for /Contents 4 0 R The crux of the matter is that the minorities fear the domination of the majorities, but federalism allows them some independent existence, and as such, their fears, both real and fancied, are allayed. /Font << Journal of public administration and Management Vol.6,No.12, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. In Nigeria, there are different and distinct ethnic groups brought together by colonization. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. Matters, enumerated in the exclusive list are selected for the federal authority, while matters that fall within the concurrent list are selected for the federal government, and the regions. It should be noted, however, that the Leagues significantly differ from modern federations in one respect: namely, while the various governments freely interacted, no prosperous direct contact between the populace of the various governments was permitted. This paper is a critical exploration of the current challenges bedeviling the Nigerian state, capable of heating up the polity and disintegrating the Nigerian project. Does Federalism Make Sense For The Philippines? - Forbes It forays into the inherent issues underlying the Biafran movement and the ways in which those issues, as well as Biafran agitation, are inimical to Nigeria's development. Notwithstanding the above reasons for the adoption of Nigerian federalism, we can also mention some specific factors peculiar to Nigeria. 33 The Marriage Act, Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 1990, sec 18 specifically stipulates: "If either party to an intended marriage, not being a Consent widower or widow, is under twenty-one years of age, the written consent of the father, or if he be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the mother, or if both be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the . Constitutionalism in Nigeria has been crisis-ridden since independence in 1960. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The size of Nigeria is therefore managed and maintained with federalism. From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. Federalism And Intergovernmental Relations In Nigeria - Samphina Also it is more useful to expansiate on them. >> reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf. Federalism in India - Analysis of the Indian Constitution This regional arrangement gave rise to ethnic sentiment and political struggle for the center among the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. or this it really helped me, Your email address will not be published. You are welcome dear reader. In Nigeria, it could be argued that our federal system of government is the creation of British colonialism. Federalism | PDF | Federalism | Decentralization Levoluzione del federalismo nigeriano tra conflitti etnici e transizioni democratiche. Death of a nation - Biafra and the Nigerian question.pdf, The politics and problem of fiscal federalism and revenue allocation formula in Nigeria: Who should get what, how, when and why, Resource Control: a Necessary Element for True Federalism in Nigeria, THE IMPACT OF STATE JOINT LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNT ON STATE LOCAL RELATIONS IN SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA, MEMORANDUM ON TRUE FEDERALISM SUBMITTED BY THE 'RESTRUCTURE NIGERIA' COMMUNITY AS A RESPONSE TO THE APC COMMITTEE CALL ON TRUE FEDERALISM, THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES The Legal Framework for the Corporate Existence of Nigeria, Intricacies and paradoxes federalism and secessionism in Nigeria.pdf, Civic Education Curriculum Implementation, NIGERIAN FEDERALISM AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: PURSUIT, PROSPECTS AND IMPEDIMENTS TO UNITY AND NATION BUILDING, Constitutions Making, Amendments, Reviews and Nigerias Political Development: Meaningful studies, especially the comparative study of Vile, have significantly shown that emerging challenges of conflict, cooperation and competition amongst levels of government in classical federalist states such as U.S., Canada and Australia, are important rationales for federating as well as the hallmarks of federal government (Vile, cited in Jinadu, 1979). politicization of ethnicity or the ethnicization of the politics of state creation that Nigeria has witnessed in recent years. Useful tips on how to download from YouTube using SS, 10 most delicious Nigerian dishes for dinner, "Youve admitted election was flawed", Atiku replies Tinubu campaign, Whitney Adeyemi: Protest Hits Lagos as Residents Besiege Chrisland School, Long Fulani tribal braids: 30 beautiful styles to try out, Old Naira notes: 5 key things to know about Supreme Court's final verdict, "Precious don finish work": Little girl with 'anointing' prays passionately over food as mum watches, video trends. Besides the Big Three - Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba, there are other macro and micro ethnic minorities in the country. In examining post-independence constitution-making in Nigeria, this chapter finds that military rule blighted Nigerias capacity to respond appropriately to the challenges of federalism. At the heart of these crises are weak democratic institutions, which are sustained by bad leadership and a culture of impunity. PDF Federal Theory and Federalism in Africa Berihun Gebeye - McGill University The political parties involved in the first republic were more formed on a regional basis. By the time Nigeria got her independence, the various party involved had been regionally based. In other not to control only some parts of the big country, Nigeria, the colonial masters thought it wise to divide the country into different component units that will be represented in the government. This paper exploits the growth benefits that ICT sector has provided and its impact on the Nigerian economy. V(B8eDK@sx AK hG~ u;6DV,pwP# _ O4C sR 8_yC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/

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